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Industry in India

The economical growth of India mainly depends on the agriculture and industry. After independent of Indian democracy, industries take a vital role to increase the economy growth. The major industries of India are textile industry, leather industry, steel industry, Cement Industry, jute industry, fertilizer industry etc. Now India is the tenth industrialised country in the world. The production of the major Indian industries includes aircraft, âutomobiles, steam engines, heavy electrical equipment, construction máchinery, chemicals, precision equipments, communication instrument, power generation and transmission tools and computers.

The Private industry organization was preventive in India between 1947 to 1980. Government's consent was essential to set up any private industry in India. But, after 1980 with the cooperation of Indian governments the public sector enterprises have improved quickly. Between 1980 to 2000 India has opened some public sector enterprises. The exports saw a 17% increase in 1994, and 28% in 1995 to 1996. Last 10 years Indian industry increase so greatly that economy expert believe that the involvement of India in the world GDP is estimated to increase from 6% to 11% by the year 2025.which will make India in third biggest global economy after US and China.

Textile Industry

The textile's strong presence in the Indian economy adds up to 14% to the industrial production and about 4% to the GDP. It provides direct employment to about 35 million people, which includes a substantial number of SC/ST, and women. The textile sector is the second largest provider of employment after agriculture.

The handloom sector constitutes 14% of the total cloths produced. The production of the cloth by the handloom sector during 2004 to 2005 was 5722 million square meters and in 2005 to 2006 it was estimated at 6188 million square meters. The government launched Handloom mark on 28 June 2006, for the brand promotion of handloom products. The production of cloth as well as the generation of employment has been rapidly increasing in the power looms sector. In 2004 to 2005, it contributed 62% of the total cloth produced in the country (28,325 million square meters), and provided employment to about 4.76 million persons. The ratio of the use of cotton to man-made fibers and filament yarns is the third largest producer of cotton (4.13 million metric Tonnes), accounting for 16% of global production, and the cultivated area in the country is the largest in the world (between 88 to 90 Lakh hectors), globally, India is the largest producer and second largest exporter of jute goods and this sector provides employment to 40 lacks firm families as well as direct and indirect employment to 4 lacks workers.

India is second producer of row silk more than 6 million people are engaged in this industry. The row silk production 2004-05 was 16,500 metric Tonnes. There are five varieties of silk available, namely, mulberry, tropical Tasar, oak Tasar, Eri and Muga. India is the only country in the world which produces all the five commercial varieties. India handicraft have a wide range- things made of a bamboos, cotton, silk, jute, cane, metals, glass-work and many more. During 2005-06 total export of handicraft were of the order of 17,277 Cror (1 Cror = 10 million).

Steel Industry

India is the 9th largest steel producing country in the world. The annual growth rate of crude steel production in 2002 to 2003 was 8% and in 2003 to 2004 was 6%. The apparent consumption of the finished steel was 30.265 million Tonnes (1 Tonnes = 1000 Kg) in 2003 to 2004. India also annually imports 1.5 million Tonnes of steel. During 2003 to 2004 India exported 5.3 million tones of steel in the form of plates, bars and rods, rolled coils; color coated sheets, pig iron, sponge iron, GP/GC sheets, etc.

India has once again emerged as the largest producer of sponge iron in the world for the calendar year 2004 to 2005 with a record production of 8.0085 million tones, showing a significant growth of 17.5%.

Fertilizer Industry

India is the third largest producer of nitrogenous fertilizers in the world. There are 57 fertilizer units manufacturing a wide range of nitrogenous and complex fertilizers, including 29 units producing urea and nine units producing ammonium Sulphate as by-product. The production capacity of nitrogen has increased from a modest 85,000 Tonnes in 1951 - 1952 to 120.61 Lakh Tonnes in terms of nitrogen. The production target for 2005-06 has been fixed at 118.07 Lakh Tonnes of nitrogen and 47.02 Lakh Tonnes of phosphate.

Cement Industry

Cement is the most advance industry in the country at present; there are 130 large and 332 small cement plants with a production capacity of approximately 175 million Tonnes per annum. The production during 2005-06 was 147.81 million tones with a growth rate of 10.66%.

Leather Industry

The small scale, cottage and artisan sector account for over 75% of the total leather production. India, in this sector, has big advantage in terms of cheap raw material and skilled manpower, besides most of the people employed in this industry are predominantly from minority communities and disadvantage sections of the society. About 30% of the work force employed here constitutes women.

Paper and Newsprint Industry

The paper industry has a vital role to play in socio-economic development of the country. There are more than 600 paper mills producing nearly 5.8 million tones of paper and paperboard and around 0.77 million tones of newsprint against an estimated operational capacity of nearly 7.5 million tones of paper and paperboard and about 1.35 million tones newsprint. The projected demand for the paper, paperboard and newsprint is estimated to touch 8.3 million tones by the year 2010.

Some others small Industry

Food Processing Industry: In terms of global food business, India accounts less than 1.5% in spite of being one of the key food producing nations worldwide. But this on the other hand also indicates the enormous possibilities for the growth of this industry.

Chemical Industry: Chemical industries of India generate about 70001 different commercial products which are familiar with several plastic goods, perfume, soap, shampoo and many more.

Software Industry: In the field of IT Market India gain a well position in last few years with help of government. Currently software market of India is in higher growing position and it witnessing a yearly growth over 16%. Best it market in different Indian cities are Bangalore, Kolkáta, Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, etc.